Report post You have 30 minutes to complete this form before the CAPTCHA will expire. Security image * Required field JavaScript is required to view this page. Either you do not have JavaScript enabled in your web browser, you do not have cookies enabled in your web browser, or this website is misconfigured such that cookies do not save correctly. This is a reported post for a post in the topic <input class="cms_keep_ui_controlled" size="45" title="[post param="Ubuntu help"]13[/post]" type="button" value="post Comcode tag (dbl-click to edit/delete)" />, by jacobgkau<br /><br /><comcode-quote param="2">Easy question first. The Linux equivalent of a batch file is a .sh file, called a Bash script or a shell script. The first line should be "#!/bin/bash", and after that, put each command you want to run on its own line. When you run the file (by typing "sh nameoffile.sh" in the terminal), the commands will be run in the order that they're listed in the file.<br /><br />Repositories are collections of software, usually pre-compiled and usually maintained by your distribution. Since you're using Ubuntu, you can install anything from Ubuntu's software repositories by running a single command (apt install programname). If you want to install a program that's not in the default Ubuntu repositories, you'll have to either add an outside repository that contains the software (known in Ubuntu as a PPA), or install the software yourself (usually done in the past with a "tarball" archive, but there are also several new types of portable programs called snaps, AppImages, and Flatpaks… you don't have to worry about those new ones yet, but once the Linux community picks one of them as a standard, you might start seeing it more.)<br /><br />There are two types of Java you can install, the open-source version or the proprietary Oracle version (previously called Sun Java.) The open version is called OpenJDK, and you can install it from Ubuntu's default repository by typing "apt install openjdk-8-jre". Getting the Oracle version takes a bit more work, and while the open version used to be slower, it's really not any more, so in my opinion you might as well use OpenJDK.<br /><br />Now about sudo: first of all, the fact that Linux has a mechanism that <i>lets</i> you get full access easily (that would be sudo) is actually a much better way to handle access than Windows has. You might not realize it, but there are many system files in Windows that you can't change unless you install development suites and modify registry settings, a much larger hassle than simply typing "sudo" at the beginning of a command. (For a little rant about that, check out <a class="user_link" href="https://nerdonthestreet.com/news/view/technology/removing-old-itunes-drm" rel="nofollow noopener external" target="_blank" title="my video on removing outdated iTunes DRM (this link will open in a new window)">my video on removing outdated iTunes DRM</a>.) When you use the sudo command, you're "doing" a command as "su", the SuperUser or root account of your computer. Ubuntu as a distro strongly recommends that you just use sudo for anything that requires root access, and if you're going to be using Ubuntu then you should get in the habit of doing that. However, other distros (including Arch, Fedora and variants, etc.) let you log into the root account by typing "su" and entering the root password. Then you'll have a terminal where you can do anything you want without needing to pass "sudo". The last time I checked, you could achieve that in Ubuntu by typing "sudo su".<br /><br />I'll recap that section to be perfectly clear: the way to "grant yourself full access" is to use sudo, and there is nothing you cannot do while using sudo, for better or worse. If you can use sudo, then you can absolutely edit every file on your computer.<br /><br />There's not much I can say about the freezing, other than the next time it happens, try pressing Ctrl-Alt-F3 and seeing if that switches you to a new virtual terminal. If it does, report back here and I may be able to help more. If it doesn't, it's probably too basic of a problem to diagnose over the internet.<br /><br />Let me know if you have any other questions, or if anything wasn't clear!<br /></comcode-quote><br />//// PUT YOUR REPORT BELOW \\\\<br /><br /> Add: Add: Font Size Color [Font] Arial Courier Georgia Impact Times Trebuchet Verdana Tahoma Geneva Helvetica [Size] 0.8 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 [Color] Black Blue Gray Green Orange Purple Red White Yellow This is a reported post for a post in the topic [post param="Ubuntu help"]13[/post], by jacobgkau [quote="2"] Easy question first. The Linux equivalent of a batch file is a .sh file, called a Bash script or a shell script. The first line should be "#!/bin/bash", and after that, put each command you want to run on its own line. When you run the file (by typing "sh nameoffile.sh" in the terminal), the commands will be run in the order that they're listed in the file. Repositories are collections of software, usually pre-compiled and usually maintained by your distribution. Since you're using Ubuntu, you can install anything from Ubuntu's software repositories by running a single command (apt install programname). If you want to install a program that's not in the default Ubuntu repositories, you'll have to either add an outside repository that contains the software (known in Ubuntu as a PPA), or install the software yourself (usually done in the past with a "tarball" archive, but there are also several new types of portable programs called snaps, AppImages, and Flatpaks… you don't have to worry about those new ones yet, but once the Linux community picks one of them as a standard, you might start seeing it more.) There are two types of Java you can install, the open-source version or the proprietary Oracle version (previously called Sun Java.) The open version is called OpenJDK, and you can install it from Ubuntu's default repository by typing "apt install openjdk-8-jre". Getting the Oracle version takes a bit more work, and while the open version used to be slower, it's really not any more, so in my opinion you might as well use OpenJDK. Now about sudo: first of all, the fact that Linux has a mechanism that [i]lets[/i] you get full access easily (that would be sudo) is actually a much better way to handle access than Windows has. You might not realize it, but there are many system files in Windows that you can't change unless you install development suites and modify registry settings, a much larger hassle than simply typing "sudo" at the beginning of a command. (For a little rant about that, check out [url="{$BASE_URL*}/news/view/technology/removing-old-itunes-drm" target="_blank"]my video on removing outdated iTunes DRM[/url].) When you use the sudo command, you're "doing" a command as "su", the SuperUser or root account of your computer. Ubuntu as a distro strongly recommends that you just use sudo for anything that requires root access, and if you're going to be using Ubuntu then you should get in the habit of doing that. However, other distros (including Arch, Fedora and variants, etc.) let you log into the root account by typing "su" and entering the root password. Then you'll have a terminal where you can do anything you want without needing to pass "sudo". The last time I checked, you could achieve that in Ubuntu by typing "sudo su". I'll recap that section to be perfectly clear: the way to "grant yourself full access" is to use sudo, and there is nothing you cannot do while using sudo, for better or worse. If you can use sudo, then you can absolutely edit every file on your computer. There's not much I can say about the freezing, other than the next time it happens, try pressing Ctrl-Alt-F3 and seeing if that switches you to a new virtual terminal. If it does, report back here and I may be able to help more. If it doesn't, it's probably too basic of a problem to diagnose over the internet. Let me know if you have any other questions, or if anything wasn't clear! [/quote] //// PUT YOUR REPORT BELOW \\\\ Use of this website implies that you agree to the website rules and privacy policy.
